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Sakhalin Ainu language : ウィキペディア英語版 | Sakhalin Ainu language
== History and present situation ==
Sakhalin Ainu was an Ainu language, or perhaps several Ainu languages, spoken on the island of Sakhalin, now part of Russia. The Ainu of Sakhalin appear to have been a relatively recent expansion from Hokkaido, displacing the indigenous Okhotsk culture. Oral history records Ainu displacement of an indigenous people they called the ''Tonchi'' who, based on toponymic evidence, were Nivkh.〔Gruzdeva, "The linguistics situation on Sakhalin Island". in Wurm et al. (1996:1008) ''Atlas of languages of intercultural communication in the Pacific, Asia and the Americas''〕 After World War II, when Sakhalin came under Soviet control, all but 100 of the Ainu living in Sakhalin were deported to Japan. The last Ainu household on the island died out in the 1960s.〔()〕 The language survived longer in Japan, going extinct in 1994 with the death of Take Asai.〔
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